The 1796 idyll Leben des Quintus Fixlein by German Romantic writer Jean Paul is structured according to the Zettelkasten in which the protagonist keeps his autobiography. Later in his own commonplace, under the heading "My way of collecting materials for future writings" (translated), Johann Jacob Moser (1701–1785) described the algorithms with which he filled his card boxes. Over 1,000 of Linnaeus's precursors to the modern index card containing information collected from books and other publications and measuring five by three inches are housed at the Linnean Society of London. In 1767, Carl Linnaeus used "little paper slips of a standard size" to record information for his research. The German polymath Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716) was known to have relied on Harrison's invention in at least one of his research projects. Harrison's system was edited and improved by Vincent Placcius in his well-known handbook on excerpting methods ( De arte excerpendi, 1689). Harrison's manuscript on the "ark of studies" ( Arca studiorum) describes a small cabinet that allows users to excerpt books and file their notes in a specific order by attaching pieces of paper to metal hooks labeled by subject headings. The first early modern card cabinet was designed by 17th-century English inventor Thomas Harrison ( c. History įiling cabinet for paper slips in Vincent Placcius's De arte excerpendi (1689) The system not only allows a researcher to store and retrieve information related to their research, but has also long been used to enhance creativity. The numbering, metadata, format and structure of the notes is subject to variation depending on the specific method employed. For example, notes may contain subject headings or tags that describe key aspects of the note, and they may reference other notes. The notes may be numbered hierarchically so that new notes may be inserted at the appropriate place, and contain metadata to allow the note-taker to associate notes with each other. Use in personal knowledge management Īs used in research, study, and writing, a card file consists of many individual notes with ideas and other short pieces of information that are taken down as they occur or are acquired.
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